解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Two systems for classification of morphology of the perisylvian cortical area have been suggested, that of Steinmetz et al. (1990) and that of Witelson and Kigar (1992). This study examines whether the variations in placement of these convolutions in the language cortex are related to diagnosis of dyslexia in a clinic...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.2000.2343
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the effects of morphological complexity on aphasic speakers with lexical-phonological output deficits. Subjects were two fluent and two nonfluent aphasic speakers who repeated morphologically simple words at the same level of accuracy and whose errors were virtually all phonological in nature. They...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.2000.2179
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathophysiology of developmental or acquired stuttering still remains an enigma. In a few cases, the developmental stuttering that had disappeared spontaneously or as a result of therapy reoccurred following a brain lesion. We report on a patient with return of developmental stuttering following a left hemispheric...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.2000.2289
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Semantic category effects, such as difficulties in naming animate things relative to inanimate objects, have been explained in terms of the relative weightings of perceptual and functional features within the semantic representations of these concepts. We argue that grammatical category deficits, such as difficulties ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.2000.2292
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty children with early focal lesions were compared with 150 age-matched control subjects on 11 online measures of the basic skills underlying language processing, a digit span task, and 6 standardized measures. Although most of the children with brain injury scored within the normal range on the majority of the ta...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2273
更新日期:2000-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The present experiment employed a grammatical priming task to explore the possible contributions of the left and right cerebral hemispheres to the processing of grammatical agreement. Stimuli were three-word noun phrases, with the prime centered above the fixation point and the target presented laterally to one visual...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2185
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Well-documented cases of crossed (transcortical sensory) aphasia, especially those with longitudinal evaluation, are rare. We report a case of crossed transcortical sensory aphasia following watershed infarcts in the right hemisphere, from the moment of the accident until 15 months afterward. The aphasia type, and the...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2162
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although a number of studies have examined lexical asymmetries in hemispheric processing, few have systematically investigated differences between nouns and verbs. Lateralization effects of grammatical class were examined by presenting nouns and verbs of both high and low frequency to either the right or left visual f...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2137
更新日期:1999-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The study of cerebral specialization in persons with Down syndrome (DS) has revealed an anomalous pattern of organization. Specifically, dichotic listening studies (e.g., Elliott & Weeks, 1993) have suggested a left ear/right hemisphere dominance for speech perception for persons with DS. In the current investigation,...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.2131
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article evaluates two theoretical accounts of how sarcasm is understood; the traditional model, which asserts that listeners derive a counterfactual inference from the sarcastic comment, and relevance theory, which asserts that listeners recognize sarcasm as a scornful echo of a previous assertion. Evidence from ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2124
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present article examines whether derivational morphology shows evidence of an associative memory structure. A distributional analysis of stems of attested derivational forms revealed evidence of clustering around phonological properties (gangs) for all nonneutral affixes but only a few neutral affixes. Subjects' a...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2066
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments are reported in which the determinants of spelling errors on homophonous verb forms in Dutch were studied. Both experiments indicated that errors were determined by the frequency relationship between the two homophonous forms and the distance between the verb and the word determining its spelling. We p...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2108
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under the hypothesis that the mass/count distinction in English is marked by a monovalent lexical feature, this article investigates whether features, lexical or morphosyntactic, play a role in simple lexical decision. Research findings have yet to settle how many features are accessed during lexical decision and to w...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2081
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analysis of 166 word blends provides support for the claim that word frequency effects are located at the phonological level of lexical access. The traditional structural approach to blends has been to view them as involving a sequence of two words where word(2) completes an incomplete word(1), as in yes/right-->yi...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2091
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cross-modal priming experiments investigated whether the representation of either an initial- or a final-embedded word may be activated when the longer carrier word is auditorily presented. Visual targets were semantically related either to the embedded word or to the carrier word or they were unrelated to the pri...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2087
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An experimental treatment study designed to improve both the accuracy and the speed of reading was administered to a patient with pure alexia and impaired letter naming. The study focused on the use of letter-by-letter reading. A two-stage approach was employed. The first stage implemented a tactile-kinesthetic strate...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2054
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the contribution of lexically based sources of information to acoustic-phonetic processing in fluent and nonfluent aphasic subjects and age-matched normals. To this end, two phonetic identification experiments were conducted which required subjects to label syllable-initial bilabial stop con...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.2049
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subjects were asked to indicate which item of a word/nonword pair was a word. On critical trials the nonword was a pseudohomophone of the word. RTs of dyslexics were shorter in blocks of trials in which a congruent auditory prime was simultaneously presented with the visual stimuli. RTs of normal readers were longer f...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.1996
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been widely recognized and previously reported that electrical fields from facial muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity can contaminate the electroencephalogram (EEG), even when closely spaced, bipolar electrode configurations are used (personal observations). We suspected that EEG signals evoked in response ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.2030
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three simulation experiments were conducted to determine the basis of the high predictive accuracy (98%) of temporal processing variables for the identification of language impairment obtained by Tallal, Stark, and Mellits (1985). In the first two experiments, the stepwise discriminant analysis using a set of 160 arra...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.1999
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we examine the tendency for agrammatic aphasics to make thematic reversal errors in comprehension, e.g., a tendency for English-speaking agrammatics to assign a preposed object the subject role. Although this tendency has been argued to follow from either a linear (Grodzinsky, 1995) or a directionality (...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.1988
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of cerebral involvement in the acquisition of language was addressed in this longitudinal study of children with an early diagnosis of epilepsy with simple-partial seizures (SPE) and with epileptogenic foci localized in the left frontal (LF) lobe. Yearly evaluations of six SPE-LF children on tests of lingui...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.1981
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The brain may use two strategies to recover from poststroke aphasia: the structural repair of primarily speech-relevant regions or the activation of compensatory areas. We studied the cortical metabolic recovery in aphasic stroke patients with positron emission tomography (PET) at rest and during word repetition. The ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.1961
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a subject with a selective verb retrieval deficit. Nouns were produced more successfully than verbs in spontaneous speech, picture naming and when naming to definition. The word class effect was not observed in comprehension tasks, reading aloud or writing. This indicated that it was due to a speci...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.1949
更新日期:1998-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::A strongly right-handed Japanese man showed an unusual writing disorder associated with Broca-type aphasia after suffering a right hemispheric infarction. Writing with his right hand produced a fluent output in contrast to his nonfluent speech. The patient's agraphia disproportionately affected the writing of kana (Ja...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1865
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Copyright ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1933
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual and auditory rhyme judgment tasks were administered to adolescent dyslexics and normal readers while event-related brain potentials were recorded. Reading disabled subjects were split into two groups based on a median split of scores on a visual non-word decoding test. The better decoders were called Phonetics ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1893
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 3-year-old, right-handed girl developed a conduction-type aphasia following a second generalized seizure in the setting of a developing abscess involving left subcortical and cortical angular gyrus and arcuate fasciculus, and the posterior corpus callosum. The language disorder was fluent, characterized by age appro...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.1888
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-four children (4-17 years) with unilateral left (N = 14) or right (N = 10) hemisphere damage and 24 age-matched controls were tested on their ability to presuppose the truth of factive sentences e.g., "Max knew that he locked the door," and to infer the truth or falsity of implicative sentences "Max remembered ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1883
更新日期:1998-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::We present an on-line study showing different sources of lexical activation during sentence comprehension, distinguishing in this respect between reflexive syntactic and less temporarily constrained nonsyntactic sources. Specifically, we show that both the syntactic process of gap filling and a nonsyntactic end-of-sen...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1917
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Finnish language is used here to enrich our conception of the dysprosody hypothesis of the output in Broca's agrammatism, i.e., of the claim that agrammatic speech is characterized by aberrant timing and intonation patterns. The native language of the two agrammatic aphasics of the present study places a high func...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1877
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) was first recognized by Mesulam in 1982. Although dozens of cases have since been described, it has been difficult to place these cases into a coherent framework due to the wide variation in measures which have been reported. We review 170 contacts with 112 patients to provide a clini...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1840
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asymmetry of the planum temporale in relation to handedness, gender, and dyslexia is reviewed. The frequency of rightward asymmetry is rather higher than are estimates of the proportion of right hemisphere speech representation in the general population. Conversely, the frequency of leftward asymmetry is lower than th...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1825
更新日期:1997-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid, automatic access to lexical/semantic knowledge is critical in supporting the tight temporal constraints of on-line sentence comprehension. Based on findings of "abnormal" lexical priming in nonfluent aphasics, the question of disrupted automatic lexical activation has been the focus of many recent efforts to un...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1751
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We are interested in the validation of a cognitive theory of human communication, grounded in a speech acts perspective. The theory we refer to is outlined, and a number of predictions are drawn from it. We report a series of protocols administered to 13 brain-injured subjects and to a comparable control group. The ta...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1812
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many aspects of subcortical aphasias are not accounted for by a unique pathophysiological mechanism; rather the diversity of the observed symptoms suggests that many functional ensembles, more or less related, to language functions may be disturbed by subcortical lesions. However, such disorders are only moderate in i...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1806
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article offers a developmental theory of language and the neural systems that lead to and subserve linguistic capabilities. Early perceptual experience and discontinuities in linguistic development suggest that language develops in four phases that occur in a fixed, interdependent sequence. In each phase of langu...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1791
更新日期:1997-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::We describe an analysis of lexical processing performed in a patient with the acute onset of an isolated anomia. Based on a model of lexical processing, we evaluated hypotheses as to the source of the naming deficit. We observed impairments in oral and written picture naming and oral naming to definition with relative...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1786
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the ability of right brain-damaged individuals (RBD) to use contextual information to resolve ambiguous pronouns. Subjects were presented with sentence pairs and required to resolve the ambiguous pronoun in the second sentence. Contrary to the prevailing view that RBD patients have difficulty u...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1744
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voicing is an important phonetic dimension that distinguishes voiced (i.e., /b/) from voiceless-aspirated stop consonants (i.e.,/ph/) in English. Perception of discrete voicing categories is affected by a number of acoustic cues. The present paper reviews evidence from brain-damaged populations indicating that the per...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1836
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00